Walau sudah tahun 2022, ternyata stigma itu masih ada lho di lapisan masyarakat. Arti kata stigma menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia adalah ciri negatif yang menempel pada pribadi seseorang karena pengaruh lingkungannya. Stigma sendiri banyak terjadi dalam berbagai kasus, salah satunya adalah stigma terhadap para penderita kusta.
Siapa sangka Indonesia sendiri ternyata menempati peringkat ketiga untuk penderita kusta terbanyak di dunia. Penyakit ini sudah lama ada di Indonesia dan berkembang di masyarakat sehingga menimbulkan berbagai stigma terhadap penderitanya.
Apa itu Penyakit Kusta?
Menurut alodokter.com, Penyakit kusta atau lepra adalah penyakit infeksi bakteri kronis yang menyerang jaringan kulit, saraf tepi, serta saluran pernapasan. Kusta atau lepra dikenal juga dengan nama penyakit Hansen atau Morbus Hansen.
Penyebab penyakit kusta adalah bakteri Mycobacterium leprae. Nah bakteri ini yang dapat menularkan dari satu orang ke orang lainnya melalui percikan cairan dari saluran pernapasan (droplet), yaitu ludah atau dahak, yang keluar saat batuk atau bersin.
Walau penyakit kusta ini merupakan penyakit menular, tapi sebenarnya gak gampang menular lho. Karena untuk dapat tertular perlu kontak yang terus menerus dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Makanya kita harus berantas nih stigma mengenai penyakit kusta terutama kepada para penderitanya.
Kebetulan tanggal 31 Januari diperingati sebagai Hari Kusta Sedunia, dan kali ini Bunchy bersama 1Minggu1Cerita mendapatkan informasi mengenai penyakit kusta di Talkshow Ruang Publik KBR: “Tolak Stigmanya, Bukan Orangnya” dengan para pembicara luar biasa, dr Astri Ferdiana selaku Technical Advisor NLR dan Bapak Al Qadri mantan penderita penyakit kusta dan wakil ketua perhimpunan mandiri kusta nasional.
Dampak Stigma Terhadap Penderita Kusta
Pada tahun 1970an Pak Qadri pertama kali terdeteksi penyakit kusta saat berusia 6 tahun. Pada saat itu pengobatan untuk penyakit ini masih sangat minim. Sehingga banyak sekali dampak buruk yang Pak Qadri terima. Pak Qadri sampai terpaksa berhenti sekolah karena secara gak langsung ditolak pihak sekolah. Sedih ya.. 🙁
Alhamdulillah di tahun 1989 Pak Qadri bertemu salah seorang mantan penderita penyakit kusta. Dari beliaulah Pak Qadri bisa mendapatkan pengobatan walau sudah agak terlambat karena penyakit ini sudah menjalar ke bagian organ Pak Qadri.
Momen ini yang membuat Pak Qadri bertekad untuk mematahkan segala stigma mengenai penyakit Kusta. Beliau tak ingin orang-orang mengalami hal yang sama dengan beliau. Terlalu banyak diskriminasi yang didapatkan oleh para penderita kusta.
Lalu bagaimana penanganan penyakit kusta di Indonesia?
Saat ini sudah mulai banyak literasi mengenai penyakit kusta, bagaimana penanganannya bahkan pengobatan secara gratis. Ruang KBR bersama NLR bekerjasama untuk terus melakukan edukasi mengenai kusta. Dr Astri bahkan berharap semua usaha ini dapat menekan angka penyakit kusta di Indonesia hingga nol.
Sayangnya di tahun 2020, kusta di Indonesia bagian timur masih tinggi, bahkan masih ada 6 provinsi yang belum mencapai eliminasi kusta. Sedangkan ada 98 kabupaten lainnya yang masih ada kasus penyakit kusta.
NLR lah yang menjadi satu-satunya organisasi dalam menangani kasus penyakit kusta, dan telah bekerjasama dengan Dinkes, Kemenkes dan beberapa organisasi di wilayah yang memerangi kusta.
Tentunya memerangi stigma ini butuh bantuan dari masyarat agar mau mencari tahu mengenai penyakit kusta. Sehingga tidak ada lagi diskriminasi terhadap para penderita kusta dan mereka bisa hidup dengan layak. Seperti yang dr Aisyah bilang, “Sebenarnya cara mencegahnya kita harus bekerjasama untuk memutus rantai penularan.”
Semoga Indonesia bisa segera bebas kusta ya!
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טרם העיסוי ויסייע בהתאם במהלך העיסוי .חשוב כאמור
לשוחח עם המעסה שיתן ייעוץ לאיזה עיסוי כדאי לקבל ולבחור משלל העיסויים הקיימים בהתאם לבחירת סוג העיסוי אתן תדעו למשל מה
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כל האמצעים שתנקט יאפשרו לכם להנות משעת העיסוי או יותר כמה
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